{"id":14701,"date":"2026-04-20T09:00:00","date_gmt":"2026-04-20T08:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lamarina.bj\/?p=14701"},"modified":"2026-04-20T09:17:28","modified_gmt":"2026-04-20T08:17:28","slug":"affaire-kemi-seba-une-extradition-possible-sans-traite-bilateral","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lamarina.bj\/index.php\/2026\/04\/20\/affaire-kemi-seba-une-extradition-possible-sans-traite-bilateral\/","title":{"rendered":"Affaire Kemi Seba : une extradition possible sans trait\u00e9 bilat\u00e9ral ?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Diplomatie, La Marina BJ <\/strong><\/mark>\u2014 Alors que Stellio Gilles Robert Capo Chichi, alias Kemi Seba, fait face ce lundi 20 avril 2026 au tribunal de Pretoria, une question juridique majeure \u00e9clipse les d\u00e9bats : l\u2019absence de socle conventionnel entre le B\u00e9nin et l\u2019Afrique du Sud. Ce vide juridique pourrait bien constituer le verrou infranchissable pour les autorit\u00e9s b\u00e9ninoises.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u2019interpellation de l\u2019activiste panafricaniste le 13 avril dernier, lors d\u2019une op\u00e9ration qui aurait \u00e9t\u00e9 coordonn\u00e9e avec Interpol, a imm\u00e9diatement d\u00e9clench\u00e9 une offensive judiciaire du B\u00e9nin. Accus\u00e9 de blanchiment d’argent et d’apologie de crime, notamment en lien avec le putsch manqu\u00e9 du 7 d\u00e9cembre 2025, l\u2019enjeu de son transf\u00e8rement vers Cotonou se heurte d\u00e9sormais \u00e0 la r\u00e9alit\u00e9 des trait\u00e9s internationaux.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Le \u00ab d\u00e9sert conventionnel \u00bb<\/mark><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

En droit p\u00e9nal international, l\u2019extradition n\u2019est jamais automatique. Elle repose prioritairement sur des trait\u00e9s bilat\u00e9raux ou, \u00e0 d\u00e9faut, sur des conventions multilat\u00e9rales strictes. Or, sur la liste officielle publi\u00e9e par le minist\u00e8re sud-africain de la Justice, il n\u2019existe aucun accord bilat\u00e9ral d\u2019extradition liant la R\u00e9publique du B\u00e9nin \u00e0 la R\u00e9publique d\u2019Afrique du Sud. Le B\u00e9nin ne figure ni parmi les pays li\u00e9s \u00e0 Pretoria par un trait\u00e9 en vigueur, ni parmi ceux en cours de n\u00e9gociation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Les instruments multilat\u00e9raux existants ne comblent pas davantage ce vide. La Convention de la CEDEAO sur l’extradition de 1994, qui lie les quinze \u00c9tats membres de l’organisation ouest-africaine dont le B\u00e9nin, ne s’applique pas \u00e0 l’Afrique du Sud, qui n’en est pas partie. Le Protocole de la SADC sur l’extradition, entr\u00e9 en vigueur en 2006 et ratifi\u00e9 par Pretoria, exclut \u00e0 son tour le B\u00e9nin, qui n’appartient pas \u00e0 l’organisation d’Afrique australe. Quant \u00e0 la Convention de l’Union africaine sur l’extradition, finalis\u00e9e en 2001, son statut de ratification par les deux pays demeure \u00e0 ce jour incertain \u2014 ce qui en fait un fondement juridique trop fragile pour servir de base solide \u00e0 une demande formelle.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pour autant, parler d’extradition \u00ab\u00a0impossible\u00a0\u00bb serait juridiquement inexact. En l\u2019absence d\u2019un tel trait\u00e9, l\u2019Afrique du Sud doit s\u2019en remettre \u00e0 son propre Extradition Act, selon notre sp\u00e9cialiste \u00e0 la r\u00e9daction. Cette loi domestique exige que les faits reproch\u00e9s soient reconnus comme des crimes dans les deux pays (principe de la double incrimination) et que le pays requ\u00e9rant fournisse des garanties judiciaires conformes aux standards constitutionnels sud-africains. Ce cadre rend la proc\u00e9dure longue, expos\u00e9e aux recours de la d\u00e9fense \u00e0 chaque \u00e9tape, et \u00e0 l’issue hautement incertaine. L’extradition n’est pas exclue ; elle est simplement ardue.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Flou diplomatique autour d\u2019une d\u00e9l\u00e9gation b\u00e9ninoise \u00e0 Pretoria<\/mark><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Contrairement aux premi\u00e8res informations de Radio France Internationale (RFI) \u00e9voquant l\u2019envoi d\u2019une d\u00e9l\u00e9gation minist\u00e9rielle b\u00e9ninoise de haut rang \u00e0 Pretoria, aucune pr\u00e9sence officielle de l’ex\u00e9cutif b\u00e9ninois n\u2019a \u00e9t\u00e9 confirm\u00e9e sur place. Une information d’ailleurs retir\u00e9e par la suite de l’article de la radio parisienne. Ce fait, combin\u00e9 au silence des canaux diplomatiques habituels, pourrait traduire une prise de conscience, du c\u00f4t\u00e9 b\u00e9ninois, des limites juridiques de l\u2019op\u00e9ration.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sans base contractuelle directe, chaque \u00e9tape de la proc\u00e9dure devient un terrain fertile pour les recours de la d\u00e9fense, rendant l\u2019issue de la requ\u00eate b\u00e9ninoise non seulement longue, mais hautement incertaine. Selon les principes de souverainet\u00e9, en cas de lib\u00e9ration ou d’expulsion li\u00e9e \u00e0 son infraction migratoire, (son visa aurait expir\u00e9 depuis deux mois d’apr\u00e8s Valentin Hugues, correspondant de RFI \u00e0 Johannesburg), la justice sud-africaine pourrait privil\u00e9gier son renvoi vers le pays \u00e9metteur de son titre de voyage officiel. Pour le Niger, qui a confirm\u00e9 la r\u00e9gularit\u00e9 de ce document (Lire LMBJ du 19\/04\/2026<\/strong><\/mark><\/a>), ramener l’activiste \u00e0 Niamey est une question de prestige diplomatique face \u00a0\u00bb aux pressions b\u00e9ninoises.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ce lundi 20 Avril, jour du proc\u00e8s, le tribunal de Pretoria doit arbitrer entre l\u2019efficacit\u00e9 de la coop\u00e9ration polici\u00e8re (Interpol) et la rigidit\u00e9 du droit des trait\u00e9s. Dans une Afrique du Sud tr\u00e8s attach\u00e9e \u00e0 ses proc\u00e9dures constitutionnelles, le respect de la l\u00e9galit\u00e9 formelle l\u2019emporte souvent sur les opportunit\u00e9s politiques. Sans trait\u00e9 d’extradition, la requ\u00eate b\u00e9ninoise ressemble davantage \u00e0 une course d’obstacles qu’\u00e0 une voie d\u00e9gag\u00e9e. Mais dans ce dossier, la ligne d’arriv\u00e9e existe. La question est de savoir si Cotonou a les moyens juridiques et diplomatiques de la franchir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Diplomatie, La Marina BJ \u2014 Alors que Stellio Gilles Robert Capo Chichi, alias Kemi Seba, fait face ce…\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":14631,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"elementor_theme","format":"standard","meta":{"csco_singular_sidebar":"","csco_page_header_type":"standard","csco_appearance_masonry":"","csco_page_load_nextpost":"","csco_post_video_location":[],"csco_post_video_location_hash":"","csco_post_video_url":"","csco_post_video_bg_start_time":0,"csco_post_video_bg_end_time":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[239],"tags":[159,41,1016,78],"class_list":{"0":"post-14701","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-levenement-2","8":"tag-afrique-du-sud","9":"tag-benin","10":"tag-kemi-seba","11":"tag-niger","12":"cs-entry","13":"cs-video-wrap"},"yoast_head":"\nAffaire Kemi Seba : une extradition possible sans trait\u00e9 bilat\u00e9ral ? - LA MARINA BJ<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Alors que Stellio Gilles Robert Capo Chichi, alias Kemi Seba, fait face ce lundi 20 avril 2026 au tribunal de Pretoria, une question juridique majeure \u00e9clipse les d\u00e9bats : l\u2019absence de socle conventionnel entre le B\u00e9nin et l\u2019Afrique du Sud. 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